Genetics

Definitions:

Allele - Alternative forms of a gene occupying a position on a chromosome.
Heterozygous - has two different alleles (example Rr).
Homozygous - has two alleles the same (example RR or rr).
Genotype - The genetic constitution of an organism.
Phenotype - the appearance determined by the genotype (example red)
Dominant - out of the pair of alleles this is the one which takes effect or appearence and is usually represented by a capital letter (example R)
Recessive - An allele that affects the phenotype of the organsim is the dominant allele is not presnet.

Mendels 1st Law - Law of Segregation

Characteristics of an organsim are controlled by pairs of alleles that seperate in equal numbers into different gametes as a result of meiosis.

Mendels 2nd Law - Law of Independent Assortment

Two or more pairs of alleles segregate independently of each other as a result of meiosis, provided the genes concerned are not linked by being on the same chromosome.

Monohybrid Inheritance

Crossing two pure bred

Phenotype - Tall x Short

Genotype - TT x tt

Gametes T T x t t

	T	T
t	Tt	Tt
t	Tt	Tt

F1 - All tall heterozygous offspring

	T	t
T	TT	Tt
t	Tt	tt

F2 - Three tall, One Short Offspring. 3:1 ratio

Dihybrid Inheritance

Below is a video I found truely unique in the ways it looks at dihybrid inheritance.

I'm currently learning this topics, please bear with me. More will appear soon.